Zscore=, Bias= and Xtreme= control Table 12. One table is produced for each bias estimation. Each entry in the table is a bar-chart showing the distribution of reported statistics. The scale is from left to right. "M" represents the mean value of the statistic for the facet, "S" is one sample standard deviation each side of the mean, "Q" is two sample standard deviations, and "X" is three.

 

Table 12 reports the same statistics reported numerically in the later Table 13. So, -4, -3 etc are the numerical values of those statistics (compare with the numerical Table 13). M is the mean, S is one standard deviation away, Q is two standard deviations away.

Bias/Interaction Size = Bias Size in Table 13

Bias/Interaction Significance = t in Table 13

 

Table 12.1  Bias/Interaction Summary Report.

 

Bias/Interaction Size:

       12      12  2  1  21 1 13    11  1                1

+Q-----------S-----------M-----------S----------Q-+---------X--------------+

-1                        0                        1                        2

A normal distribution is expected

Zscore:

      1   11    1 2   2   1   21  1 112     11 1                  1

+-Q-------+-----S---+---------M---------+---S-----+-------Q-+---------+

-3        -2        -1         0         1         2         3         4

 

Bias Logit:        Bias interaction measures

Zscore:        Standardized, N(0,1), size of bias. Its statistical significance.

 

Example:

 

Bias/Interaction Size:

                               1

                12213457677888808866553422222

 2  21 1122472485329801372717797531096665273067453 2221111 1   1

+---------+----Q----+-S-------M------S--+----Q----+---------+---------+

-3        -2        -1         0         1         2         3      4

 

Bias/Interaction Significance:

                            11111

                  1213358889100108775433222

    11 1 1 11276444773675833557684234395094893331222111  1     1

+-----+-----+----Q+-----S-----M-----S-----+Q----+-----+-----+-----+

-5    -4    -3    -2    -1     0     1     2     3     4     5     6

 

The numbers are frequencies. They are printed vertically. The biggest number for "Bias/Interaction size" is 107. 107 interactions are about 0.1 logits in size. 115 interactions have a bias/interaction significance (t) of about -0.3

 

The frequencies summarize the full Table of interactions (Table 14) and are useful for seeing the distributional pattern.

 

In these pictures there are clearly a few outliers needing special attention, but the great majority of interactions are statistically and substantively close to 0.