PRCOMP= residual type for principal components analyses in Tables 23, 24 = S, standardized

Principal components analysis of item-response or person-response residuals can help identify structure in the misfit patterns across items or persons. The measures have been extracted from the residuals, so only uncorrelated noise would remain, if the data fit the Rasch model.

PRCOMP=S or Y Analyze the standardized residuals, (observed - expected)/(model standard error).

Simulation studies indicate that PRCOMP=S gives the most accurate reflection of secondary dimensions in the items.

PRCOMP=R Analyze the raw score residuals, (observed - expected) for each observation.

PRCOMP=L Analyze the logit residuals, (observed - expected)/(model variance).

PRCOMP=O Analyze the observations themselves.

Example 1: Perform a Rasch analysis, and then see if there is any meaningful other dimensions in the residuals:

PRCOMP=S  Standardized residuals

Example 2: Analysis of the observations themselves is more familiar to statisticians.

PRCOMP=O  Observations