Mike Linacre
Software by
Mike Linacre, Ph.D.

  • WINSTEPS® Rasch Analysis and Rasch Measurement software for persons & items. Dichotomies, Binary and Multiple-Choice (MCQ), Polytomies, Likert Scales and Rating Scales (RSM), Partial Credit (PCM), with upto 32,000 categories per rating or other scale. Windows-native. Capacity: 64,000 items by 10,000,000 persons. Available in 64-bit/32-bit (Windows 8.1-10-11, Mac Windows) and 32-bit-only (Windows 8, 7, Vista, XP) versions. Backward compatible with BIGSTEPS.
    Download free MINISTEP evaluation/student/demo version. Buy from our software sales agents, Verifone/2checkout.
     
  • Facets Many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM) for persons, items, judges, tasks, etc.; Linear Logistic Test Model (LLTM); Bradley-Terry-Luce Paired-Comparison Model (BTL). Capacity: at least 250,000,000 observations, 60 facets containing 4,000,000 elements (persons, items, raters, etc.)
    Download free Minifac evaluation/student/demo version. Buy from our software sales agents, Verifone/2Checkout
     
  • Mac, Linux,Chrome OS: Winsteps and Facets run under Windows installed on the target hardware using special-purpose software.
     

WINSTEPS & Facets
Software for Rasch Measurement and Rasch Analysis

Buy Winsteps or Facets now.

Widely used, versatile, well documented, with great customer support.
Your questions answered promptly. Bugs fixed speedily.

Winsteps now does CMLE and JMLE !!

Winsteps or Facets?

Winsteps and Facets software are based on the same statistical methodology, called Rasch Analysis, but they implement it in different ways intended for different applications.

Winsteps: this is designed for typical educational or survey data where a set of questions, also called "test items", is administered to a sample of persons, such as students. The questions could be multiple choice or an attitude survey. This produces a rectangle of responses where each person is a row and each column is a question. Winsteps analyzes these data to produce an "ability", "attitude" or similar measure for every person and a difficulty measure for every question, along with many other diagnostic indicators.

Facets: this is designed for situations where a person's performance on a task is rated by a rater, judge, expert, teacher or even self-rated. This usually produces a 3 or more dimensional dataset which is sparse (much missing data) because not every person is rated by every rater on every task. Further, the rater may rate the student doing the task using a set of probes. This would produce a 4-dimensional dataset. The rating situation can become more complicated. For instance, when rating performance in the Arts or Sport, often the dataset has high dimensionality. As with Winsteps, measures are produced for every participant (person, rater, task, etc.) in the rating situation along with diagnostic indicators.

Winsteps:2-D x-y, 3-D x-y Scatterplots, Wright Maps, Scree Plots, One-click through R Statistics modules
button for 2D scatterplots button for WrightMap graphs button for Scree plots


Winsteps Features

Facets Features

  • Windows-native 64-bit Winsteps 5.8.2, October 2024, for Rasch measurement and analysis, 9,999,999 people, 60,000+ items, 32,767 categories per item.

  • Windows-native 64-bitFacets 4.2.1, October 2024, for many-facet Rasch measurement.
    Windows-native 32-bitFacets 3.87.0, November 2023, for many-facet Rasch measurement.

  • Buy from our software sales agents, Verifone-2checkout

  • Buy from our software sales agents, Verifone-2checkout

    Winsteps and Facets are developed under the direction of John Michael Linacre, Ph.D.

    .

Probabilistic Measurement Models 		Dichotomous Rasch Model (DRM) - 60,000 items by 10,000,000 persons
Rating Scale Model (RSM) & Extended Logistic Model - Andrich - up to 32,000 rating-scale categories
Partial Credit Model (PCM) - Masters - up to 32,000 categories per item
Grouped Rating Scale Model (GRSM)
Many-Facet Rasch Measurement - Linacre
IRT Item Response Theory One Parameter Logistic Model 1PL 1-PL - Lord & Birnbaum
Linear Logistic Test Model (LLTM), Paired-Comparison (BTL) Model
 
Psychometric and Educational test development
Polytomous - Polychotomous - Analysis - Andersen; Sequential Rasch Models - Glas etc.
Rasch Measurement & Fit Analysis - Wright;
Item bias, DIF and DPF Analysis, Summary Statistics, Wright Maps and more ...

 
Practical Demonstrations of Rasch Measurement in Action

Education / Training

Rasch Ministep, Minifac and other Freeware

  • Free Windows-native Ministep student/evaluation/demo version of Winsteps

  • Free Windows-native version of Minifac, the student/evaluation/demo version of Facets

  • Courtesy of rasch.org and Mark Moulton: Excel spreadsheets demonstrating Estimating Rasch measures from ordinal data

  • R Statistics Rasch modules: search METACRAN for "Rasch"


Kaizen
"continual incremental improvement"

Other Rasch-related Resources
Demonstration of Rasch methodology
Rasch measurement converts dichotomous and rating scale observations into linear measures. It links qualitative analysis to quantitative methods.

Rasch scaling is often classified under item response theory, IRT, or logit-linear models. Rasch specifies how persons, probes, prompts, raters, test items, tasks, etc. must interact statistically through probabilistic measurement models for linear measures to be constructed from ordinal observations. Rasch analysis requires the investigation and quantification of accuracy, precision, reliability, construct validity, quality-control fit statistics, statistical information, linearity, local dependency and unidimensionality. Rasch implements stochastic Guttman ordering, conjoint additivity, Campbell concatenation, sufficiency and infinite divisibility.

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Go to Winsteps & Facets home Page

Facets Rasch measurement software. Buy for $149. & site licenses. Freeware student/evaluation Minifac download
Winsteps Rasch measurement software. Buy for $149. & site licenses. Freeware student/evaluation Ministep download

Rasch Books and Publications
Invariant Measurement: Using Rasch Models in the Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences, 2nd Edn, 2024 George Engelhard, Jr. & Jue Wang Applying the Rasch Model (Winsteps, Facets) 4th Ed., Bond, Yan, Heene Advances in Rasch Analyses in the Human Sciences (Winsteps, Facets) 1st Ed., Boone, Staver Advances in Applications of Rasch Measurement in Science Education, X. Liu & W. J. Boone Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences (Winsteps) Boone, Staver, Yale
Introduction to Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (Facets), Thomas Eckes Statistical Analyses for Language Testers (Facets), Rita Green Invariant Measurement with Raters and Rating Scales: Rasch Models for Rater-Mediated Assessments (Facets), George Engelhard, Jr. & Stefanie Wind Aplicação do Modelo de Rasch (Português), de Bond, Trevor G., Fox, Christine M Appliquer le modèle de Rasch: Défis et pistes de solution (Winsteps) E. Dionne, S. Béland
Exploring Rating Scale Functioning for Survey Research (R, Facets), Stefanie Wind Rasch Measurement: Applications, Khine Winsteps Tutorials - free
Facets Tutorials - free		 Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (Facets) - free, J.M. Linacre Fairness, Justice and Language Assessment (Winsteps, Facets), McNamara, Knoch, Fan
Other Rasch-Related Resources: Rasch Measurement YouTube Channel
Rasch Measurement Transactions & Rasch Measurement research papers - free An Introduction to the Rasch Model with Examples in R (eRm, etc.), Debelak, Strobl, Zeigenfuse Rasch Measurement Theory Analysis in R, Wind, Hua Applying the Rasch Model in Social Sciences Using R, Lamprianou El modelo métrico de Rasch: Fundamentación, implementación e interpretación de la medida en ciencias sociales (Spanish Edition), Manuel González-Montesinos M.
Rasch Models: Foundations, Recent Developments, and Applications, Fischer & Molenaar Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests, Georg Rasch Rasch Models for Measurement, David Andrich Constructing Measures, Mark Wilson Best Test Design - free, Wright & Stone
Rating Scale Analysis - free, Wright & Masters
Virtual Standard Setting: Setting Cut Scores, Charalambos Kollias Diseño de Mejores Pruebas - free, Spanish Best Test Design A Course in Rasch Measurement Theory, Andrich, Marais Rasch Models in Health, Christensen, Kreiner, Mesba Multivariate and Mixture Distribution Rasch Models, von Davier, Carstensen
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facebook Forum: Rasch Measurement Forum to discuss any Rasch-related topic

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Questions, Suggestions? Want to update Winsteps or Facets? Please email Mike Linacre, author of Winsteps mike@winsteps.com


State-of-the-art : single-user and site licenses : free student/evaluation versions : download immediately : instructional PDFs : user forum : assistance by email : bugs fixed fast : free update eligibility : backwards compatible : money back if not satisfied
 
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